SCOPE OF PRACTICE OF
              HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
               IN THE STATE OF MICHIGAN
                                                Prepared by
                                       Public Sector Consultants
                         Project Manager                        Researcher/Writer
                            Peter Pratt                             Lisa Katz
                  Michigan State Medical Society              Michigan Osteopathic Association
   ii  SCOPE OF PRACTICE OF HEALTH PROFESSIONALS IN THE STATE OF MICHIGAN
       Table of Contents
       INTRODUCTION............................................................................1
       THE REGULATORY SYSTEM...........................................................3
       DEFINING HEALTH PROFESSIONS ...............................................5
          Allopathic Medicine and
          Osteopathic Medicine and Surgery..........................................5
          Physician Assistance................................................................7
          Nursing ..................................................................................7
          Psychology..............................................................................9
          Chiropractic............................................................................9
          Optometry............................................................................10
       SCOPE OF PRACTICE AND LIMITATIONS...................................13
          Physicians.............................................................................13
          Physician Assistants ..............................................................16
          Nurses..................................................................................20
          Psychologists, Chiropractors, and Optometrists.....................24
       DELEGATION AND SUPERVISION...............................................33
          Physicians.............................................................................35
          Physician Assistants ..............................................................39
          Nurses..................................................................................39
          Psychologists, Chiropractors, and Optometrists.....................42
       EDUCATION, TRAINING, AND EXAMINATION...........................43
          Doctor of Medicine ...............................................................44
          Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine and Surgery ........................56
          Physician Assistants ..............................................................60
          Nurses..................................................................................63
          Psychologists ........................................................................68
          Chiropractors........................................................................70
          Optometrists.........................................................................72
         SCOPE OF PRACTICE OF HEALTH PROFESSIONALS IN THE STATE OF MICHIGAN      iii
        APPENDICES.................................................................................77
              Appendix One: Michigan Statutory Definitions
              of Health Professions ............................................................79
              Appendix Two: Comparison of Allopathic and
              Osteopathic Medical Specialty Certification Bodies................83
              Appendix Three: Comparisons of Health Professions.............85
              Three A: Health Professionals’ Scopes of Practice ..................89
              Three B: Health Professionals’ Education
              Training, and Examination ....................................................91
        BIBLIOGRAPHY.............................................................................93
                            ©2001 Michigan State Medical Society
   iv  SCOPE OF PRACTICE OF HEALTH PROFESSIONALS IN THE STATE OF MICHIGAN