Certificate of Geriatric Care  
                            (CGC) 
                                                              
                                                              
                                                 CGC-01 
                                 Basic Geriatric Care 
          
         Block -2  
                     Nutrition in Ageing     
                  
         UNIT : I     Diet and Energy Needs of Elderly   
         UNIT : II    Diet related degenerative changes   
         UNIT : III  Need for dietary alteration and formulation  
                     of Diet for elderly  
         UNIT : IV   Physical Activity  
          
          
          
                    
                   Expert Committee  
                    
                   Dr. Sadhu Charan Panda                                 Dr. Prakash Chandra Panda          
                   Associate Professor,                                                  Associate Professor, 
                   Dept. of Community Medicine                                           Dept. of Community Medicine 
                   VIMSAR, Burla – Chairperson                                          VIMSAR, Burla – Member   
                     
                   Dr. Ojaswini Patel                                                   Miss Sulochana Dash 
                   Associate Professor                                                  Principal  
                   Dept. of Obstetric Gynaecology                                       School of Nursing  
                   VIMSAR, Burla – Member                                               VIMSAR, Burla – Member  
                    
                   Mrs. Lilarani Swain                                         Ms. Prashansa Das                                               
                   Tutor                                                                Academic Consultant  
                   School of Nursing                                                    OSOU, Sambalpur – Convener                           
                   VIMSAR, Burla– Member                                           
                                                         
                   Course Writer                           Course Editor   
                    
                   Ms. Diptimayee Mallick                                             Mr. Baba Vajrala          
                   Asst. Lecture                                                      Prof. cum HOD,  
                   Sambalpur Nursing College                                          Dept. of Mental Health                     
                   Sambalpur                                                          NRI College of Nursing Guntur, AP  
                   Mrs. Dipanjali Patel                                       Mrs. Jasmin Debora 
                   Principal                                                          Prof. cum HOD 
                   Sambalpur Nursing College                                          Medical Surgical Department  
                   Sambalpur                                                          NRI College of Nursing, Guntur, AP   
                                                               
                   Material Production  
                   Dr. Jayanta Kar Sharma  
                   Registrar 
                   Odisha State Open University, Sambalpur 
                    
                                           © OSOU, 2017. Promoting Use and Contribution of Open Education Resources is 
                                           made  available  under  a  Creative  Commons  Attribution-ShareAlike  4.0 
                                           http://creativecommons.org/licences/by-sa/4.0 
                   Printers by : Sri Mandir Publication, Sahid Nagar, Bhubaneswar 
                    
                UNIT-I : DIET AND ENERGY NEEDS OF ELDERLY 
                Structure  
                 
                       1.0 Introduction 
                       1.1 Nutritional / Energy requirements of elderly 
                       1.2 Energy need and other dietary consideration 
                       1.3 Need for dietary alteration 
                       1.4 Causes and Prevention of Taste Loss in Elderly patients 
                       1.5 Gender related differences in nutrition  
                       1.6 Assessing the nutritional status according to body weight, composition  
                       & other variables 
                       1.7 Factors affecting nutrition in the elderly 
                       1.8 Nutrition Assessment 
                       1.10 Reference 
                 
                 
                1.0 Introduction 
                     
                Elderly people themselves are growing older, increasing the numbers and proportions 
                of  the  very  old.  The  majority  of 
                elderly  people  are  women,  often 
                in  ill  health  and  vulnerable  as 
                they  are  particularly  poor  and 
                more  likely  than  men  to  be 
                widowed.  In  recent  years  there 
                has     been     an     increasing 
                international  awareness  of  the 
                health  issues  relating  to  aging 
                populations  and  in  April  1995, 
                WHO launched a new programme 
                on  Aging  and  Health.  In  1999, 
                World Health Day focused on the goal of Active Aging. An aging population should 
                not be seen as a crisis. The real crisis of aging, where it exists, is the personal crisis of 
                day-to-day  existence  –  a  present  reality  faced  by  older  individuals  and  their 
                caregivers. WHO therefore advocated and provided resources for the inclusion of the 
                elderly within a national survey of health and nutrition planned by UNICEF. It is 
                hoped that the information gained will be of use in raising awareness of the needs of 
                this important and growing sector of society and provide a useful resource for policy 
                makers and planners. The health of the elderly is an important issue defining the 
                health status of a population. Malnutrition in elderly people is very common because 
                Odisha State Open University, Sambalpur                                          Page 1