Workshop on the Role of Dietary Supplements for
                                             Physically Active People
            A workshop sponsored by the NIH Office               Cosponsored by the National Institute on Aging,
            of Dietary Supplements, inconjunction                National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and
            with the American Society for Clinical               Skin Diseases, National Institute of Child Health and
            Nutrition and the American Institute of              Human Development, National Institute on Deafness
            Nutrition.                                           and Other Communication Disorders, National Institute
                                                                 of Dental Research,  National Institute of Diabetes and
            June 3-4, 1996                                       Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Heart, Lung,
                                                                 and Blood Institute, National Institute of Mental
            Natcher Conference Center                            Health, Office of Alternative Medicine, Office of
            National Institutes of Health                        Research on Women’s Health, and the NIH Division of
            Bethesda, Maryland                                   Nutrition Research Coordination.
                                               Continuing Education Sponsorship by
                                                   National Institutes of Health
                                                       Office of Education
                                                                                Contents
                     Introduction to the Workshop on the Role of Dietary Supplements for Physically
                          Active People ........................................................................................................................................  1
                     Agenda.......................................................................................................................................................... 5
                     Speakers......................................................................................................................................................   9
                     Moderators.................................................................................................................................................. 11
                     Discussants ................................................................................................................................................. 11
                     Planning Committee ................................................................................................................................... 13
                     Advisors to the Planning Committee.......................................................................................................... 15
                     Abstracts ..................................................................................................................................................... 17
                     I.   Determining the Metabolic Basis of Supplementation
                     Is There a Metabolic Basis for Dietary Supplements?
                          Steven H. Zeisel, M.D., Ph.D. .............................................................................................................. 19
                     Physical Activity as a Metabolic Stressor
                          Edward F. Coyle, Ph.D. ....................................................................................................................... 21
                     Overview of Diet and Activity as Modifiers of Growth and Adolescent Development
                          Alan D. Rogol, M.D., Ph.D. ................................................................................................................. 25
                     Aging as a Modifier of Metabolism
                          Robert M. Russell, M.D........................................................................................................................ 29
                     Modifiers of Metabolism: Overnutrition, Undernutrition, and Disease States
                          F. Xavier Pi-Sunyer, M.D., M.P.H. ....................................................................................................... 33
                     Supplements: Food, Special Formulas, Pills, and Intravenous Infusions
                          Peggy R. Borum, Ph.D......................................................................................................................... 39
                     Methodological Issues of Measuring Physical Activity and Physical Fitness When Evaluating
                       the Role of Dietary Supplements for Physically Active People
                          William L. Haskell, Ph.D. .................................................................................................................... 43
                     II. Macronutrients and Amino Acids
                     Exercise and Protein Supplements
                          Robert R. Wolfe, Ph.D. ......................................................................................................................... 49
                     Carbohydrate Supplements as Potential Modifiers of Physical Activity
                          W. Michael Sherman, Ph.D. ................................................................................................................. 51
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