i
                ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS   
                The Drug Administration and Control Authority is grateful to individuals 
                and organizations for their valuable comments and suggestions 
                contributed to the final preparation of the formulary. 
                 
                The following is a list of resourceful Professionals involved in the 
                evaluation of the draft formulary: 
                 
                Dr.Tilahun Teka, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Addis 
                Ababa University 
                 
                Dr. Ephrame Engidawork, Department of Pharmacology, School of 
                Pharmacy, Addis Ababa University. 
                 
                Dr. Ameha G/Medihen, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of 
                Medicine, Addis Ababa University 
                 
                Dr. Zufan Lakew, Department of Gynacology and Obstetricis, Faculty of 
                Medicine, Addis Ababa University. 
                 
                Prof. Eyasu Mekonnen, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of 
                Medicine , Addis Ababa University. 
                 
                Dr. Dagnachew Shebeshe, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of  
                Medicin , Addis Ababa University 
                 
                Mr. Eyob Debebe, Department of Pharmacology, Medical faculity, Addis 
                Ababa University. 
                  
                Dr. Negussu Mekonnen, Department of Pharmacology, School of 
                Pharmacy, Addis Ababa University. 
                 
                Dr. Kebrebeal Melaku, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of 
                Medicine, Addis Ababa University 
                 
                 
                Mr. Tenaw Andualem 
                 
                Dr. Abebe Melaku, Department of paediatrics , Black Lion Hospital 
                 
                Dr. Zenebe Melaku, Department of paediatrics , Black Lion Hospital 
                    
                Mr. Teshome Nedi, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, 
                Addis Ababa University. 
                            Drugs Formulary for Health Centers 
            ii                 
                
            Dr. Minilik Desta ,Medical Director ,Amanuel Hospital, Addis Ababa 
             
            Dr. Ayalew Tegegne, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Addis 
            Ababa University.   
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
              Editors 
              Mr. Abraham G/giyorgis; Pharmacist; Head, Planning, Drug
              Information establishment and Distribution Department, DACA.  
              Mr. Wondie Alemu; Pharmacist; Head, Drug Information
              establishment and Distribution Division, DACA. 
              Mr.Mengistu Tadesse; Pharmacist; Expert, Drug Information 
              establishment and Distribution Division, DACA. 
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
                        Drugs Formulary for Health Centers 
                                                  iii
                               Contents 
                                  
                ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS------------------------------------------ i 
                INTRODUCTION------------------------------------------------------ vi 
                GENERAL ADVICE TO PRESCRIBERS----------------------- viii 
                 1.1.Antacids-----------------------------------------------------------------1 
                 1.2.Antispasmodics/spasmolytic Analgesics------------------------------3 
                 1.3.Antiemetics -------------------------------------------------------------6 
                 1.4.Cathartics and Laxative--------------------------------------------- 11 
                 1.5.Agents used in Diarrhea--------------------------------------------- 15 
                 1.6.Antiflatulants--------------------------------------------------------- 16 
                 1.7.Antihaemorrhoidal Agents ------------------------------------------ 16 
                2.CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS----------------------------------- 18 
                 2.1.Antihypertensives---------------------------------------------------- 18 
                 2.2.Diuretics -------------------------------------------------------------- 20 
                 2.3.Drugs used in vascular shock --------------------------------------- 23 
                3.RESPIRATORY DRUGS------------------------------------------ 25 
                 3.1.Antitussives/Expectorants------------------------------------------- 25 
                 3.2.Bronchodilators /Antiasthmatics------------------------------------ 27 
                4.CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS-------------------- 33 
                 4.1.Analgesics / Antipyretics--------------------------------------------- 33 
                    4.2.Sedative, Hypnotics and Tranquillizers---------------------------- 37 
                 4.3.Anticonvulsants ------------------------------------------------------ 43 
                5. DRUGS USED IN ANESTHESIA----------------------------- 46 
                 5.1.General Anesthetics-------------------------------------------------- 46 
                 5.2.Neuromuscular Blockers--------------------------------------------- 48 
                 5.3.Anesthetic Adjuncts and Adjuvants -------------------------------- 51 
                 5.4.Local Anesthetics----------------------------------------------------- 55 
                6.DRUGS USED IN MUSCULOSKELETAL AND JOINT DISEASE 58 
                 6.1.Antirheumatics------------------------------------------------------- 58 
                 6.2.Drugs used for gout -------------------------------------------------- 62 
                 6.3.Skeletal Muscle Relaxants------------------------------------------- 63 
                 6.4. Cholinergic and Anticholinesterase Agents ----------------------- 64 
                7.ANTI-INFECTIVE-------------------------------------------------- 65 
                 7.1.Antibacterials--------------------------------------------------------- 65 
                   7.1.1.Penicillins-------------------------------------------------------- 65 
                   7.1.2.Other Antibacterials -------------------------------------------- 71 
                   7.1.3.Antituberculars-------------------------------------------------- 81 
                 
                            Drugs Formulary for Health Centers 
              
            iv
               
               7.1.4.Antileprotics----------------------------------------------------- 88 
              7.2.Antifungals ----------------------------------------------------------- 91 
              7.3. Antiviral-------------------------------------------------------------- 92 
              7.4.Antiprotozoals -------------------------------------------------------- 93 
               7.4.1.Antimalarials---------------------------------------------------- 93 
               7.4.2.Amoebicides and Antigiardial Agents------------------------101 
            7.5.Anthelmintics-------------------------------------------------------102 
               7.5.1.Filaricides-------------------------------------------------------102 
               7.5.2.Schistosomicides -----------------------------------------------103 
               7.5.3.Other Anthelmintics -------------------------------------------104 
            8.DRUGS USED IN ENDOCRINE DISORDERS AND 
            CONTRACEPTIVES.--------------------------------------------------109 
              8.1.Insulin and oral antidiabetic agents. ------------------------------109 
              8.2.Contraceptives-------------------------------------------------------112 
               8.2.1.Combined Oral Contraceptives -------------------------------116 
               8.2.2.Progestogen - only contraceptives-----------------------------117 
               8.2.3.Contraceptive Devices, Barriers, and Spermicides----------119 
            9.OBSTETRIC AND GYNAECOLOGICAL MEDICATIONS  123 
            10. BLOOD PRODUCTS AND DRUGS AFFECTING THE BLOOD
             -------------------------------------------------------------------------------130 
              10.1.Hemostatic Agents.------------------------------------------------130 
              10.2.Antianemic Agents-------------------------------------------------130 
              10.3.Blood substitutes and Plasma Expanders -----------------------133 
            11. DRUGS FOR CORRECTING WATER, ELECTROLYTE AND ACID - 
            BASE DISTURBANCES---------------------------------------------135 
              11.1.Oral -----------------------------------------------------------------135 
              11.2 Parenteral ----------------------------------------------------------136 
              11.3.Enteral Nutrition --------------------------------------------------140 
            12.VITAMINS-----------------------------------------------------------141 
              12.1.Vitamins, single----------------------------------------------------142 
              12.2.Vitamins, Combinations-------------------------------------------150 
              12.3.Vitamin B complex preparations ---------------------------------150 
              12.4.Multivitamin preparations----------------------------------------150 
              12.5.Multivitamin with minerals and/or extracts --------------------150 
            13.ANTIHISTAMINES AND ANTIALLERGICS-------------151 
              13.1. Antihistamines ----------------------------------------------------151 
              13.2.Drugs used in Allergic Emergencies -----------------------------153 
            14. OPHTHALMIC AGENTS---------------------------------------156 
                        Drugs Formulary for Health Centers