MIE270F Fluid Mechanics I
    MIE270F Fluid Mechanics I
      Lecture Notes 
      Lecture Notes 
                              1.0 Introduction
                              1.0 Introduction
              1.1 Historical Sketch
              •  250 B.C.  
                 Archimedes discovered and recorded the 
                      principles of hydrostatics and flotation.
                    th         th
              •17and 18 centuries
                 Newton, Daniel Bernoulli, and Euler made the 
                 greatest contributions to establishing the principles of 
                 hydrodynamics.
              •  1904
                 Ludwig Prandtl introduced boundary layer theory. 
              * Fluid Mechanics & Hydrodynamics are theoretical & 
                 mathematical (e.g. Euler), while   Hydraulics is 
                 experimental (e.g. Chezy). 
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         1.2 Fluid Characteristics
                                  solids
               matter                          gases
                                  fluids       liquids
        Notes:
        (1)   - All fluids are compressible.
              - Assumption of incompressibility simplifies analysis.
              - Holds true also for gases if pressure changes are 
        small and velocity is less ≈ 100 m/s (air).
        (2)   - All fluids are viscous, i.e., have internal resistance to 
        relative motion.
              - Fluids without viscosity are called ideal fluids.
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       1.3 Dimensions and Units
       •  Four basic dimensions suffice to describe all mechanical 
          processes. In this course: 
       •  SI – System of units
          (1) length [L]      metre (m)
          (2) time [ T ]      second (s)
                                                       o
          (3) temperature [θ]       Kelvin (K), where K =  C+273 
                                          o
                                 Celsius ( C)
          (4) mass [M]             kilogram (kg), 
                                      (or force [F]       Newton (N))
              Definition equation: 1N = 1kg x1m/s2
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