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Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 Key findings This publication contains the main findings of the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 (FRA 2020). The data in FRA 2020 – the “backbone” of the assessment – have been obtained through a transparent, traceable reporting process and a well-established network of officially nominated national correspondents. The application of a standardized reporting methodology enables the monitoring of change over time in parameters such as forest area, management, ownership and use and the aggregation of data at the regional and global levels. The information provided by FRA presents a comprehensive view of the world’s forests and the ways in which the resource is changing. Such a clear global picture supports the development of sound policies, practices and investments affecting forests and forestry. FRA is the mechanism for collecting data on two forest-related indicators of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which the United Nations General Assembly adopted in 2015. Specifically, data submitted to FRA contribute to reporting on SDG indicator 15.1.1 (forest area as a proportion of total land area in 2015) and indicator 15.2.1 (progress towards sustainable forest management). Required citation: FAO. 2020. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 – Key findings. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8753en The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. © FAO, 2020 Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/legalcode). Under the terms of this licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes, provided that the work is appropriately cited. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that FAO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the FAO logo is not permitted. If the work is adapted, then it must be licensed under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If a translation of this work is created, it must include the following disclaimer along with the required citation: “This translation was not created by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original [Language] edition shall be the authoritative edition.” Disputes arising under the licence that cannot be settled amicably will be resolved by mediation and arbitration as described in Article 8 of the licence except as otherwise provided herein. The applicable mediation rules will be the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules and any arbitration will be conducted in accordance with the Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL). Third-party materials. Users wishing to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures or images, are responsible for determining whether permission is needed for that reuse and for obtaining permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. Sales, rights and licensing. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through publications-sales@fao.org. Requests for commercial use should be submitted via: www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request. Queries regarding rights and licensing should be submitted to: copyright@fao.org. Forests cover nearly one-third of the land globally The world has a total forest area of 4.06 billion hectares (ha), which is 31 percent 1 – although of the total land area. This area is equivalent to 0.52 ha per person forests are not distributed equally among the world’s peoples or geographically. The tropical domain has the largest proportion of the world’s forests (45 percent), followed by the boreal, temperate and subtropical domains. More than half (54 percent) of the world’s forests is in only five countries – the Russian Federation, Brazil, Canada, the United States of America and China. Proportion and distribution of global forest area by climatic domain, 2020 Proportion and distribution of global forest area by climatic domain, 2020 Tropical Tropical 45% 45% Boreal Boreal 27% 27% Temperate Temperate 16% 16% Subtropical Subtropical 11% 11% Source: Adapted from United Nations World map, 2020. Top five countries for forest area, 2020 (million ha) Top five countries for forest area, 2020 (million ha) Russian Brazil Canada United China Rest of Russian Brazil Canada United China Rest of Federation 497 347 States of 220 the world Federation 497 347 States of 220 the world 815 America 1 870 815 America 1 870 310 310 % 20 12 9 8 5 46 % 20 12 9 8 5 46 1 Calculated assuming a global population of 7.79 billion people, as estimated in United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. 2019. World Population Prospects 2019, Online Edition. 1 Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 Key findings The world’s forest area is decreasing, but the rate of loss has slowed The world has lost 178 million ha of forest since 1990, which is an area about the size of Libya. The rate of net forest loss decreased substantially over the period 1990–2020 due to a reduction in deforestation in some countries, plus increases in forest area in others through afforestation and the natural expansion of forests. The rate of net forest loss declined from 7.8 million ha per year in the decade 1990–2000 to 5.2 million ha per year in 2000–2010 and 4.7 million ha per year in 2010–2020. The rate of decline of net forest loss slowed in the most recent decade due to a reduction in the rate of forest expansion. Global annual forest area net change, Annual forest area net change, by decade and region, 1990–2020 FAO defines deforestation as the conversion by decade, 1990–2020 of forest to other land uses (regardless 3 3 2.4 of whether it is human-induced). 2 2 1.2 1.2 “Deforestation” and “forest area net change” 1 1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 are not the same: the latter is the sum of 0 0 all forest losses (deforestation) and all forest ar ar -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 e -1 e -1 gains (forest expansion) in a given period. Net change, therefore, can be positive -2 -2 or negative, depending on whether gains Million ha per y-3 Million ha per y-3 -2.6 -3.3 -3.4 exceed losses, or vice versa. -4 -4 -3.9 -5 -4.7 -5 -5.1 -5.2 -5.2 -6 -6 -7 -7 -8 -7.8 -8 1990–2000 2000–2010 2010–2020 Asia Oceania Europe North and Centra outh Aerica Arica Aerica 1990–2000 2000–2010 2010–2020 2 Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 Key findings
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