Haskell Tutorial Notes
                 Alexandru Hambasan
          (with some minor edits by Jurgen Schonwalder)
                          ¨     ¨ ¨
                  Jacobs University Bremen
                  September 28, 2018
 Haskell - Introduction and Motivation
    ◮ Why this programming language?
      ◮ It’s fun to write and reason about
      ◮ Will most likely change the way you think about programming
      ◮ It’s safe (we will see later what this refers to)
      ◮ Seasoned Haskell users can read it easily
      ◮ It’s pure! (we will also see what this means later on)
 Haskell Environment
     ◮ GHC (Glasgow Haskell Compiler)
       ◮ used for ”real work”
       ◮ supports parallel execution
       ◮ provides performance analysis and debugging tools
       ◮ ghc → compiler for generating fast native code
       ◮ ghci → interpreter and debugger
       ◮ runghc → program for running Haskell programs as scripts
            Note: the last three represent the main components of GHC
 Lists, Characters and Strings
     ◮ Lists
       ◮ they are surrounded by square brackets and elements are
         separated by commas
       ◮ empty list → [ ]
       ◮ all elements must be of the same type
       ◮ Haskell supports enumeration notation
         i.e. [1..10] = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
       ◮ concatenate lists using the ++ operator
         e.g.: [1, 2, 1] ++ [1, 2] = [1, 2, 1, 1, 2]
       ◮ the cons (short for construct) operator adds an element to the
         front of a list
         symbol for cons → :
         e.g.: 1 : [2, 3] = [1, 2, 3]
           Note: only the construction < element > : < list > is allowed