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1 educational research unit structure 1 0 objectives 1 1 introduction 1 2 sources acquiring knowledge 1 3 meaning steps and scope of educational research 1 4 scientific method aims ...

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                                                                                                                                   1 
                                     
                                     
                                                    EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH  
                                     
                                     
                                    Unit Structure 
                                     
                                    1.0  Objectives 
                                    1.1  Introduction 
                                    1.2  Sources Acquiring Knowledge 
                                    1.3  Meaning, Steps and Scope of Educational Research 
                                    1.4  Scientific Method, aims and characteristics of research as a 
                                           scientific activity 
                                    1.5  Ethical considerations in Educational Research 
                                    1.6  Paradigms of Educational research 
                                    1.7  Types of Research 
                                           1.7.a  Fundamental 
                                           1.7.b  Applied Research 
                                           1.7.c.  Action Research 
                                     
                                    1.0 OBJECTIVES : 
                                    After reading this unit, you will be able to: 
                                              To explain the concept  of Educational Research 
                                              To describe the scope of Educational Research 
                                              To state the purpose of Educational Research 
                                              To explain what is scientific enquiry. 
                                              To explain importance of theory development. 
                                              To  explain  relationship  among  science,  education  and 
                                              educational research. 
                                              To Identity fundamental research 
                                              To Identity applied research 
                                              To Identify action research 
                                              To  Differentiate  between  fundamental,  applied,  and  action 
                                              research 
                                              To Identify different paradigms of research 
                            2 
            1.1 INTRODUCTION : 
               Research purifies   human life.  It improves its quality.  It is 
            search  for  knowledge.  If  shows  how  to  Solve  any  problem 
            scientifically. It is a careful enquiry through search for any kind of 
            Knowledge.    It  is  a  journey  from  known  to  unknown.  It  is  a 
            systematic effort to gain new    knowledge in any kind of discipline. 
            When it Seeks a solution of any educational  problem  it  leads  to 
            educational research. 
               Curiosity, inquisitiveness are natural gifts secured by a man. 
            They inspire him to quest, increase his thirst for knowledge / truth. 
            After trial and error, he worked systematically in the direction of the 
            desired goal. His adjustment and coping with situation makes him 
            successful in his task. Thereby he learns something‘s, becomes wise 
            and prepares his own scientific procedure while performing the same 
            task for second time. So is there any relationship among science, 
            education and educational Research? 
                
               ―Research is the voyage of discovery‖.  It is the quest for 
            answers to unsolved problems. 
               Research  is  required  in  any  field  to  come  up  with  new 
            theories or modify, accept, or nullify the existing theory.  From time 
            immemorial it has been seen so many discoveries and inventions 
            took place through research and world has got so many new theories 
            which help the human being to solve his problems.  Graham Bell, 
            Thomas Edison, JC Bose, John Dewey, Skinner, Piaget Research 
            like have given us theories which may cause educational progress 
            research needs expertise. 
            1.2  SOURCES OF ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE : 
             
               From the time we were born and the present day, each one of 
            us has accumulated a body of knowledge. Curiosity, the desire to 
            learn about one‘s environment and the desire to improve one‘s life 
            through  problem-solving  is  natural  to  all  human  beings.  For  this 
            purpose,  human  beings  depend  on  several  methods  /  sources  of 
            acquiring knowledge as follows: 
               
            1.  Learned Authority : Human beings refer to an authority such as 
              a teacher, a parent or the boss or an expert or consultant and seek 
              his / her advice. Such an authority may be based on knowledge or 
                                                                                                                                                       3 
                                                                        experience  or  both.  For  example,  if  a  child  has  difficulty  in 
                                                                        learning  a  particular  subject,  he  /  she  may  consult  a  teacher. 
                                                                        Learned  authority  could  also  be  a  book  /  dictionary  / 
                                                                        encyclopaedia / journal / web-site on internet. 
                                                                                   
                                                               2.  Tradition : Human beings easily accept many of the traditions of 
                                                                        their  culture  or  forefathers.  For  example,  in  matters  of  food, 
                                                                        dress,  communications,  religion,  home  remedies  for  minor 
                                                                        ailments, the way a friend will react to an invitation, one relies on 
                                                                        family  traditions.  On  the  other  hand,  students,  in  case  of 
                                                                        admission  criteria  and  procedures,  examination  patterns  and 
                                                                        procedures,  methods  of  maintaining  discipline,  co-curricular 
                                                                        activities, acceptable manner of greeting teachers and peers rely 
                                                                        on school traditions. Long established customs or practices are 
                                                                        popular sources of acquiring knowledge. This is also known as 
                                                                        tenacity which implies holding on to a perspective without any 
                                                                        consideration of alternatives. 
                                                                                  
                                                               3.  Experience : Our own prior personal experiences in matters of 
                                                                        problem-solving or understanding educational phenomena is the 
                                                                        most common, familiar and fundamental source of knowledge. 
                                                                
                                                               4.  Scientific Method : In order to comprehend and accept learning 
                                                                        acquired through these sources, we use certain approaches which 
                                                                        are as follows: 
                                                                
                                                                             (a)  Empiricism : It implies relying on what our senses tell us. 
                                                                                        Through a combination of hearing and seeing we come to 
                                                                                        know the sound of a train. i.e. through these two senses, we 
                                                                                        learn to associate specific sounds with specific objects. Our 
                                                                                        senses  also  enable  us  to  compare  objects  /  phenomena  / 
                                                                                        events. They provide us with the means for studying and 
                                                                                        understanding relationships between various concepts (eg. 
                                                                                        level of education and income). 
                                                                                           
                                                                             (b)  Rationalism  :  It  includes  mental  reflection.  it  places 
                                                                                        emphasis on ideas rather than material substances. if we see 
                                                                                        logical interconnectedness between two or more things, we 
                                                                                        accept  those  things.  For  example,  we  may  reason  that 
                                                                                        conducive school / college environment is expected to lead 
                                                                                        to better teacher performance. 
                                                                                                      
                                                                             (c)  Fideism : It implies the use of our beliefs, emotions or gut 
                                                                                        reactions  including  religion.  We  believe  in  God  because 
                                                                                        our parents told us though we had not sensed God, seen or 
                                                                                        heard  him  nor  had  concluded  that  that  his  existence  is 
                                                                                        logically proved. 
                                                              4 
                          1.3 MEANING, STEPS AND SCOPE OF EDUCATIONAL 
                                RESEARCH : 
                          MEANING OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH : 
                                 Educational Research as nothing but cleansing of educational 
                          Research  is  nothing  but  cleansing  of  educational  process.  Many 
                          experts think Educational Research as under- 
                                 According to Mouly, ―Educational Research is the systematic 
                          application of scientific method for solving for solving educational 
                          problem.‖ 
                                 Travers  thinks,  ―Educational  Research  is  the  activity  for 
                          developing science of behavior in educational situations. It allows 
                          the educator to achieve his goals effectively.‖ 
                                 According to Whitney, ―Educational Research aims at finding 
                          out   solution   of   educational  problems  by  using  scientific 
                          philosophical method.‖ 
                                 Thus, Educational Research is to solve educational problem 
                          in  systematic  and  scientific  manner,  it  is  to  understand,  explain, 
                          predict and control human behaviour. 
                          Educational Research Characterizes as follows : 
                          -     It is highly purposeful. 
                          -     It  deals  with  educational  problems  regarding  students  and 
                                teachers as well. 
                          -     It  is  precise,  objective,  scientific  and  systematic  process  of 
                                investigation. 
                          -     It attempts to organize data quantitatively and qualitatively to 
                                arrive at statistical inferences. 
                          -     It  discovers new facts in new perspective. i. e.  It generates 
                                new knowledge. 
                          -     It is based on some philosophic theory. 
                          -     It depends on the researchers ability, ingenuity and experience 
                                for its interpretation and conclusions. 
                          -     It  needs  interdisciplinary  approach  for  solving  educational 
                                     problem. 
The words contained in this file might help you see if this file matches what you are looking for:

...Educational research unit structure objectives introduction sources acquiring knowledge meaning steps and scope of scientific method aims characteristics as a activity ethical considerations in paradigms types fundamental b applied c action after reading this you will be able to explain the concept describe state purpose what is enquiry importance theory development relationship among science education identity identify differentiate between different purifies human life it improves its quality search for if shows how solve any problem scientifically careful through kind journey from known unknown systematic effort gain new discipline when seeks solution leads curiosity inquisitiveness are natural gifts secured by man they inspire him quest increase his thirst truth trial error he worked systematically direction desired goal adjustment coping with situation makes successful task thereby learns something s becomes wise prepares own procedure while performing same second time so there vo...

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