3
      Psychological factors affecting 
               performance
                Skill acquisition
                Transfer of skills
       Learning Objectives
        Learning Objective: 
    Understand how skills can be transferred
        Learning Outcomes:
      All: Describe the types of transfer
  Most: Explain how to optimise the effect of positive 
     transfer and limit  effect of transfer
   Some: Apply the types of transfer to a variety of 
           situations
              Key Terms
  • Positive transfer - The transfer of effects from the learning of one skill 
  that facilitate the subsequent learning of another.
  • Negative transfer - he transfer of effects from the learning of one skill 
  which hinder the learning of another.
  • Proactive transfer - A skill learnt in the past affects a skill currently being 
  learnt or to be learnt in the future
  • Retroactive transfer - Learning a new skill affects a previously learned 
  skill.
  • Bilateral transfer - Where the learning of one skill is transferred from one 
  limb to the other e.g. a footballer learning to pass with their left foot 
  when they have previously learned this skill with their right foot.
         Key Terms
  • Positive transfer
  • Negative transfer
  • Proactive transfer
  • Retroactive transfer
  • Bilateral transfer
             Positive transfer
 • This usually occurs when the two skills in question are similar in some way. 
  Having already mastered one of the skills, makes learning the second skill 
  easier. Coaches can aid this positive transfer by making sure the individual 
  understands the similarities between the two skills and by making sure that 
  the basics of the first skill are well learnt so that they transfer more easily into 
  the second skill. An example of this is a tennis player using their knowledge of 
  a serve to help them learn the overarm serve in volleyball.