Data 
                   Data 
                  Analy
                  Analy
                    sis
                    sis
     Qualitati
     Qualitati             Quantitati
                           Quantitati
     ve Data
     ve Data                ve Data
                            ve Data
                                    Inferenti
                  Descripti         Inferenti
          Typolo  Descripti
   Word   Typolo
   Word                                al 
                     ve                al 
            gy       ve 
     s      gy
     s                               Statistic
                  Statistics         Statistic
                  Statistics            s
                               t-       s
                               t-             Regressi
                       Medi                   Regressi
                       Medi   test
                              test              on
                        an                      on
            Mode        an
            Mode
                               Correlati
                               Correlati   ANOV
                 Mea                       ANOV
                 Mea             on
                                 on         A
                  n                         A
                  n
                    Qualitative Data - Words  
                1. Recording Data:
                    1. Transcripts from taped  
                       Interview 
                    2. Field-notes of Observation 
                2. Diaries
                3. Photographs
                4. Documents
                                                                3
      Qualitative Data - Typologies
         • Types of errors
          – Errors in Addition
          – Errors in Omission
          – etc.
         • Social variables:
          – Gender
          – Ages
          – Occupations
          – Ethnic groups
          – etc.
             REMINDERS:
       1.  The data appear in words rather than in 
           numbers.
       2.  The data may have been collected in a 
           various ways:
             Observation
             Interviews
             Extracts from documents
             Tape recordings
       3.  Numbers used have no arithmetic values.
       4.  Numbers may be used for coding the data.
           e.g.: Male (1), Female (2), Teachers (3), Bankers (4), 
           Policemen (5) 
       3.  Qualitative data exist dominantly in 
           descriptive studies 
        Stages in Qualitative Data Analysis
                                                                              Conclusion 
                                      Data                                    Conclusion 
                                      Data                                     Drawing
                                   Reduction                                   Drawing
      • Observation                Reduction       • Matrices
      • Interviews          •                      • Graphs
      •                       Selecting                                  • Give 
        Document            • Focusing             • Networks
      • Recording                                  •                       meanings
                            • Simplifying             Charts             •
                            •                                              Confirming
               Data           Abstracting                                •
               Data         • Transforming                                 Verifying
             Collection
             Collection                                  Data Display
                                                         Data Display