WHAT IS MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING?
            •   A semi-directive, client-centered counseling style for 
                eliciting behavior change by helping clients to explore and 
                resolve ambivalence
            •   A method that works on facilitating and engaging intrinsic 
                motivation within the client in order to change behavior
            •   Recognizes and accepts the fact that clients who need to 
                make changes in their lives approach counseling at different 
                levels of readiness to change their behavior
               • Some clients may have thought about it but not taken steps 
                 to change, while some may be actively trying to change 
                 their behavior and may have been doing so unsuccessfully 
                 for years
       PRINCIPLES OF MOTIVATIONAL 
       INTERVIEWING
       R – Resist the righting reflex
       U – Understand your client’s 
          motivation
       L -- Listen to your client
       E -- Empower your client
       Complete exercise: Rating Samples for MI Spirit
            FOUNDATIONAL SKILLS
            •   Ask open ended questions
            •   Provide affirmations
            •   Use reflective listening
            •   Periodically  provide summary statements to the 
                client
         REFLECTIVE LISTENING
         1. Start from the obvious position that each client knows more about 
            him- or herself than you ever will.
         2. We can see blind spots that clients cannot – but they know far more 
            about factors that have influenced their lives than we do.
         If we want to know these things, clients must tell us – and we must 
            listen (though that still doesn’t mean that we will ever truly 
            understand their experience).
         Key Element: Hypothesis Testing – what you think the person means 
            may not be what he or she really means….so check!
         “So you feel…”
         “It sounds like you…”
         “You’re wondering if…”
         “What I heard you saying was …”
         “On the one hand you feel…on the other hand…” (double-sided 
            reflection)
         Complete exercises: Hypothesis Testing and the Formation of Reflections; Directive Reflecting
          DEEPENING REFLECTIONS
          So, I’m not too worried, but it’s been over a year since I’ve had a syphilis 
              test.
          Paraphrase:   Moves well beyond the client’s words and presents 
              information in a    new light.
              You’ve had some risk behavior.
          Amplified: Overstates what the client has said, often increasing the intensity 
              by  pressing on the absolute or resistant element.
              It’s no concern to you.
          Double-sided: Reflects both parts of the client’s ambivalence.
              You feel you’ve been pretty safe, while also recognizing that there  has been some 
              risk.
          Affective:  Addresses the emotion either expressed or implied.
              It’s like there is always a little uncertainty – a little fear – since you’ve  chosen to 
              be sexually active.