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Exercise Physiology The study of the effects of exercise on the body. Body’s responses and adaptations to exercises System to subcellular level Acute (short term) to chronic (long term) adaptations Population served Elite performer People of all ages and abilities Historical Development Specialized area of study mid 1960s and 1970s. Late 1800s, the use of anthropometry to measure changes in students’ development after training programs. McKenzie: Investigating effects of exercise on various systems of the body and the idea of preventative medicine (early 1900s) After WWII: increased interest in fitness as a result of youth fitness tests and the results of the physicals of men in the military. Historical Development 1970s: American Physiological Society recognized exercise physiology as a specialized area of physiology. 1974: ACSM: Guidelines for Graded Exercise Testing and Prescription 1980s and 1990s: Understanding of the relationship between physical activity and health. 1996: 2000: 1st certification exams for Clinical Exercise Physiologists Healthy People 2010 Areas of Study Effects of various exercises on various systems of the body Relationship of energy metabolism to performance Effectiveness of training programs Effects of environmental factors Effects of individual differences on fitness development and performance Areas of Study Identification of factors that limit performance Effectiveness of various rehabilitation programs Ergogenic aids and exercise Health and therapeutic effects associated with exercise Effects of nutrition on performance
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