Scientific Knowledge Base
         Overview of exercise and activity:
            Body alignment
                • Relationship of one body part to another
            Body balance
                • Achieved by low center of gravity; enhanced by posture
            Coordinated body movement
                • A result of weight, center of gravity, and balance
                          Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2005 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
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           Scientific Knowledge Base (cont’d)
         Overview of exercise and activity:
             Friction
                 • Force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement
             Exercise and activity
                 • A patient’s individualized exercise program depends on 
                   the patient’s activity tolerance or the type and amount 
                   of exercise or activity that the patient is able to perform.
                 • Isotonic exercises
                 • Isometric exercises
                           Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2005 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
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                          Case Study 
        Mr. Indelicato is a 72-year-old African 
         American who is hospitalized for surgery on 
         his right knee. He relates the problem with his 
         knee to previous sports injuries. He first 
         sought medical advice and treatment 6 years 
         ago. 
        He has tried various treatments, including 
         physical therapy, rest, and pain medication. 
         His only preoperative medication is ibuprofen 
         600 mg every 6 to 8 hours. He and his wife 
         are very active.
                      Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2005 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
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                  Case Study (cont’d) 
        Marilyn Sweeney is a 40-year-old nursing 
         student. She has just finished rotating 
         through a general surgical unit and is 
         spending the remaining 6 weeks in the 
         orthopedic/rehabilitation division of the 
         agency. Her assignment is to follow the 
         patient through his surgery and rehabilitation.
        As Marilyn prepares to assess Mr. Indelicato, 
         she reviews anatomy and physiology related 
         to the musculoskeletal system and exercise 
         physiology.
                      Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2005 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
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               Regulation of Movement
         Skeletal                        Ligaments,        Skeletal 
          system           Joints         tendons,          muscle
                                           cartilage
          Muscles         Muscles 
         concerned       concerned         Muscle          Nervous 
            with        with posture       groups           system
         movement
                      Proprioception          Balance
                       Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2005 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
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