Automotive 
            Automotive 
            Automotive 
            Electronics
            Electronics
            Electronics
                                      [pl.wikipedia.org]
                      Sensors
                      Sensors
                      Sensors
      Alarge number of sensors are installed in vehicles.
      Acting as perception elements, the sensors have the task of converting a
      Acting as perception elements, the sensors have the task of converting a
      physical or chemical variable- e.g. pressure, temperature, distance, gas, 
      physical or chemical variable- e.g. pressure, temperature, distance, gas, 
      speed- into an electrical variable (output signal).
      speed- into an electrical variable (output signal).
      Motor vehicle sensors must meet the following requirements:
      Motor vehicle sensors must meet the following requirements:
      -high degree of reliability,
      -high degree of reliability,
      -not too expensive,
      -not too expensive,
      -remain fully functional even under extreme operating,
      -remain fully functional even under extreme operating,
      -high degree of accuracy.
      -high degree of accuracy.
                      Sensors
                      Sensors
                      Sensors
                 Types of sensors:
      -MAPSensors, 
      -MAPSensors, 
      -Tire Pressure Monitoring Sensors,
      -Tire Pressure Monitoring Sensors,
      -Throttle Position Sensors,
      -Throttle Position Sensors,
      -Camshaft and Crankshaft Position Sensors,
      -Camshaft and Crankshaft Position Sensors,
      -Accelerator Pedal Sensors,
      -Accelerator Pedal Sensors,
      -Air Temperature Sensors,
      -Air Temperature Sensors,
      -Coolant Temperature Sensors,
      -Coolant Temperature Sensors,
                      Sensors
                      Sensors
                      Sensors
      -Knock Sensors,
      -Knock Sensors,
      -Vehicle Speed Sensors,
      -Vehicle Speed Sensors,
      -Oxygen Sensors,
      -Oxygen Sensors,
      -ABS Sensors,
      -ABS Sensors,