sectoral studies series
   THE GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
                    VALUE CHAIN:
                What Prospects for Upgrading 
                   by Developing Countries
      UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
                economy environment employment
                     sectoral studies series
       THE GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
                       VALUE CHAIN:
                 What Prospects for Upgrading 
                    by Developing Countries
                            John Humphrey
                       Institute of Development Studies
                             Brighton, UK
                               and
                            Olga Memedovic
                   UNIDO, Strategic Research and Economics Branch
           UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
                            Vienna, 2003
          
          
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
                     This paper has not been formally edited. The views expressed therein, the 
                     designations employed as well as the presentation of material in this publication do 
                     not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of 
                     the United Nations Industrial Development Organization concerning the legal status 
                     of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the 
                     delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. 
                     Designations such as “industrialized”, “developed” and “developing” countries are 
                     intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about 
                     the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. Mention 
                     of firm names or commercial products does not imply endorsement by UNIDO. 
                     Material in this paper may be freely quoted but acknowledgement is requested, 
                     together with a copy of the publication containing the quotation or reprint. 
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                          Acknowledgement 
                          This publication has been prepared by John Humphrey, Institute of 
                          Development Studies, Brighton, UK, and Olga Memedovic, UNIDO staff 
                          member from the Strategic Research and Economics Branch. Frédéric 
                          Richard, Director of the Strategic Research and Economics Branch, provided 
                          overall guidance. UNIDO intern Arjan Stavast provided assistance.  
                          Penelope Plowden and Georgina Wilde were the principal English language 
                          editors of the publication. Penny Butler was the copyeditor. 
                                                                          iii