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Vol-2 / Issue-2 - March-April - 2014
I J A A M
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
OF AYURVEDA & ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
Bi-Monthly Peer Reviewed International Journal
VOL 2 IINNTTEERRNNAATTIIOONNAALL JJOOUURRNNAALL OOFF AAYUYURRVVEEDDAA && AALLTTEERRNNAATTIIVVEE MMEEDDIICCIINNEE eISSN
ISSUE 2 (2014) IINNTTEERRNNAATTIIOONNAALL JJOOUURRNNAALL OOFF AAYUYURRVVEEDDAA && AALLTTEERRNNAATTIIVVEE MMEEDDIICCIINNEE 2348-0173
REVIEW ARTICLE eISSN 2348- 0173
UNDERSTANDING SHATKRIYAS OF YOGA THROUGH AYURVEDA
Guruprasad K.*
1. Assistant professor, Department of Swasthavritta, Sri Jayendra saraswathi Ayurveda College
& Hospital, Nazarathpet, Chennai – 600123, E- Mail – punithakb@gmail.com
- th
Article Received on 18 February 2014
- th
Article Revised on 17 March 2014
Article Accepted on - th
9 May 2014
All articles published in IJAAM are peer-reviewed and can be downloaded, printed and
distributed freely for non commercial purpose (see copyright notice below).
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© 2013 IJAAM
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/deed.en_US), which permits unrestricted non commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Guruprasad K. Understanding Shatkriyas of Yoga Through Ayurved, Int. J. Ayu. Alt. Med., 2014; 2(2):1-6
VOL 2 IINNTTEERRNNAATTIIOONNAALL JJOOUURRNNAALL OOFF AAYUYURRVVEEDDAA && AALLTTEERRNNAATTIIVVEE MMEEDDIICCIINNEE eISSN
ISSUE 2 (2014) IINNTTEERRNNAATTIIOONNAALL JJOOUURRNNAALL OOFF AAYUYURRVVEEDDAA && AALLTTEERRNNAATTIIVVEE MMEEDDIICCIINNEE 2348-0173
REVIEW ARTICLE eISSN 2348- 0173
UNDERSTANDING SHATKRIYAS OF YOGA THROUGH AYURVEDA
ABSTRACT:
Yoga is an ancient scientific method which is recognized globally and is getting
much popularity for its non pharmacological methods. On the observation many
of practitioners and teachers of yoga were given much importance for Asana,
Pranayama and Dhyana, ignored basic techniques of yoga like Mudra, Bhanda, and
Shatkriyas. Shatkriyas are a unique therapy explained as a part of Hatha Yoga, the
purpose of Hatha yoga is to establish perfect harmony between two Pranic flows
*Corresponding Author those are Ida and Pingala. When they are perfectly balanced, Prana will begins to
flow in Sushumna Nadi, the most important Nadi in Psychic body, understanding
Guruprasad K, this concept is very difficult for beginners so better understanding purpose
Assistant professor humble trial has been made to explain by taking help of Ayurveda. Ayurveda is
Dept. of Swasthavritta, one of the ancient medical systems, which explains preventive and curative
Sri Jayendra saraswathi aspects of diseases, describes Panchakarma (Penta biopurificatory method) for
Ayurveda College & purification of body and prevention of diseases which mimics Shatkriyas of Yoga
Hospital, Nazarathpet, hence the present study is selected to make easy understanding the techniques of
Chennai – 600123 Shatkriyas through concept of Ayurveda. This review article shows that by
Mobile – 07200715452, applying concept of Ayurveda one can easily understand practicality of
E-Mail – Shatkarma.
punithakb@gmail.com Key Words: Dhouthi, Basthi, Nethi, Trataka, Nouli, Kapala bhathi.
INTRODUCTION collected and compiled also available websites for
Ayurveda is one of the oldest scientific medical yoga have been searched for this article and
systems in the world, with a long record of clinical compared with Ayurvedic shodhana karma for
experiences to validate it. It is not only a system of better understanding of Shatkriyas.
medicine in the conventional sense of curing To conclude the study, all available Ayurvedic
disease, it is also a way of life that teaches us how literature referred, and a humble attempt has been
to maintain and protect health. Yoga is known made to draw conclusion.
ancient system which has many principles to
protect health and to overcome diseases by CONCEPT OF SHATKRIYAS
fallowing non pharmacological measures like Ayurveda and yoga have impact over each other.
Asana, Pranayama, and Shatkriyas. The aim of yoga We find lot of similarities between yoga and
is to achieve Moksha, which is one of the four Ayurveda as follows:
Purusharthas as explained in yoga and Ayurveda. • Ayurveda and Yoga are taken origin of Vedic
To achieve the Moksha, maintenance of health is sciences.
much important, which can only obtained by • Both have accepted the basic principles of
following the principles as explained in the Sankhya philosophy.
particular health sciences. • Both have accepted the theory of Omni
substances, Trigunas, as the primary
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES qualities from which the entire universe is 22
Aim of this study is to make easy understanding of created. ee
Shatkarma by collecting all available literature gg
• Both have accepted the theory of aa
regarding six purificatory procedures from Panchamahabhutas (five primordial PP
classical texts of yoga and compare with Penta bio elements).
purificatory procedures which are explained in • Both have belief in Psycho-somatic-spiritual
Ayurvedic classics. health.
To analyze whether there would be a significance • Importance of Vayu explained in both the
difference in both purificatory procedures in sciences.
curing and preventing diseases. • Both have bio purificatory methods
(Panchakarma and Shatkriyas).
MATERIALS AND METHODS For both yoga and Ayurveda, the purification at
This article is conceptual, all the available different levels is of primary importance. It is
references from yoga literature have been
Guruprasad K. Understanding Shatkriyas of Yoga Through Ayurved, Int. J. Ayu. Alt. Med., 2014; 2(2):1-6
VOL 2 IINNTTEERRNNAATTIIOONNAALL JJOOUURRNNAALL OOFF AAYUYURRVVEEDDAA && AALLTTEERRNNAATTIIVVEE MMEEDDIICCIINNEE eISSN
ISSUE 2 (2014) IINNTTEERRNNAATTIIOONNAALL JJOOUURRNNAALL OOFF AAYUYURRVVEEDDAA && AALLTTEERRNNAATTIIVVEE MMEEDDIICCIINNEE 2348-0173
purification by which one can get physical and preoperative procedures like oil massage, swedana
mental strength. etc., and duration of whole of treatment being 7
The following are the Penta bio purificatory days (varies from person and disease) to complete
procedures as explained in Ayurveda: [1], [2]. the Vamana course.
1. Vamana – removes vitiated kapha dosha
(Prakrutha kapha – Humor responsible for Vamana Dhouthi cannot produce same results like
immune function) present all over the body. Vamana karma, but it will bring out all morbid
2. Virechana – removes vitiated Pitta dosha matter (Toxins) present in the stomach by the
(Prakrutha Pitta – Humor responsible for process of voluntary vomiting, initially it seems
metabolic activities) present all over the body. unnatural but this practice cleanses both upper
3. Basthi – removes vitiated Vata dosha elementary canal and respiratory systems, it may
(Prakrutha Vata – Humor responsible for be observed as both stimulates, Samana Vata,
nervous function) present all over the body. Pachaka Pitta and Kledaka kapha of the stomach.
4. Nasya – removes vitiated Kapha dosha present Dhouthi removes impurities that can cause
in the head. diseases, and enhances general health by
5. Raktha Mokshana – removes vitiated Pitta permitting best possible assimilation of nutrients.
dosha present in the Raktha and other local
regions. DANDA DHOUTHI
These procedures on careful observation will This is the method of cleansing Esophagus, throat
mimic some of the purificatory process as and stomach, in which soft core of banana stem
explained in the classical text of yoga. about half inch in diameter and two feet long is
धौतबि त तथा नोतललक ाटकं तथा। used to insert in to the stomach through mouth. [10]
कपालभातचतै ान ष कमा ण समाचरेत।। It is a unique therapy in Shatkarma which cannot
् be correlated with any of the therapies under
According to Hatha yoga Pradipika and Gheranda Panchakarma, but looking to the procedure it may
Samhitha, there are six cleansing techniques called increases the secretion of stomach by which
[3], [4].
as Shat Kriyas. They are Dhouthi, Basthi, corrects indigestion and helps as appetizer as it
Nethi, Trataka, Nouli and Kapala bhathi. ‘Shat’ effect on Samana Vata and Pachaka Pitta.
means six and ‘Kriya’ means therapy
(Shodhanam/cleansing), these are yogic Kriyas VASTRA DHOUTHI
which removes waste material of our internal In this procedure a specially prepared white cotton
organs which are not expelled normally. Therefore cloth approximately two inches in wide and twenty
the aim of Hatha yoga and of the Shatkriyas are to feet length soaked in saline water, is swallowed to
cleanse the internal organs and there by create the stomach and removed carefully with in twenty
harmony between the major Pranic flows, Ida - minutes of insertion when small portion of cloth
Pingala and attaining a physical and mental remains outside, [11]. By doing so, the excess
purification. Kledaka kapha and Aama (Auto toxins) present in
the stomach due to their pichhila (Sticky) property
DHOUTHI will get adherent to cloth and comes out with cloth
Dhouthi is cleansing procedure of gastro intestinal by this it will alleviate Ama and corrects Kledaka
[5].
tract, this is of 3 types. kapha.
1. Vamana Dhouthi
2. Danda Dhouthi In Ayurveda, seat of Kapha dosha is in the mucus
3. Vastra Dhouthi element of chest and stomach, in this practice the
excess mucus from the chest is removed. It 33
VAMANA DHOUTHI ee
It is the process in which the person drinks saline thoroughly scrubs walls of the stomach and gg
aa
water and induces the vomiting [6]. The same stimulates the peristalsis and digestive juices, it PP
procedure is performed in Ayurveda called as brings both Pitta and kapha dosha back to balance,
Vamana, but vomiting is induced by using herbal improving all conditions related to upper gastro
medicines called as Vamana karma. It is done to intestinal tract.
flush out the vitiated Doshas from all the parts of
the body. Here the person drinks medicated LAGHU SHANKA PRAKSHALANA:
decoction with milk etc and induces vomiting after Laghu shanka prakshalana is also called Varisara
giving gap of few minutes. [7][8][9] The action of Dhouthi, the word Shanka means conch and
Vamana may not be same as Vamana Dhouthi but prakshalana means wash completely. The
procedure is same. Before the commencement of technique washes the conch shaped intestine and
Vamana the patient will be undergoing some of the entire alimentary canal from mouth to the anus
hence is rightly called Shankha prakshalana.
Guruprasad K. Understanding Shatkriyas of Yoga Through Ayurved, Int. J. Ayu. Alt. Med., 2014; 2(2):1-6
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