LESSON	
  PLAN	
  
                                                                                                                                     	
  
                         Title	
  Motivational	
  Interviewing	
  Skills	
  and	
  Strategies	
  (Specifically	
                       Name	
  Erin	
  Ogden	
  
                         OARS)	
  
                         Target	
  Audience	
  Dietetic	
  staff	
  who	
  work	
  as	
  health	
                                      Method	
  Illustration	
  
                         coaches/counselors	
  
                         	
  
                         Terminal	
  Objective	
  Students	
  will	
  be	
  able	
  to	
  explain	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
                  Terminal	
  Concept	
  
                         motivational	
  interviewing.	
  Students	
  will	
  be	
  able	
  to	
  apply	
  the	
  OARS	
                     Motivational	
  interviewing	
  is	
  a	
  collaborative,	
  person-­‐centered	
  
                         strategies	
  in	
  counseling	
  sessions	
  with	
  their	
  clients.	
                                           method	
  of	
  counseling	
  used	
  to	
  strengthen	
  a	
  person’s	
  own	
  
                         	
                                                                                                                  motivation	
  for	
  and	
  commitment	
  to	
  change.	
  OARS	
  is	
  a	
  part	
  of	
  
                         	
                                                                                                                  Motivational	
  Interviewing	
  that	
  can	
  be	
  used	
  to	
  help	
  motivate	
  
                         	
                                                                                                                  clients	
  toward	
  change.	
  
                         Domain	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  Cognitive	
  	
                 Taxonomic	
  Level	
  
                                                                                   Knowledge,	
  Comprehension,	
  and	
  
                                                                                   Application	
  
                         References	
  Nutrition	
  Counseling	
  and	
  Education	
  Skills	
  for	
  Dietetics	
  Professionals	
  p.	
  83-­‐90	
  
                         	
  
                         Preparation	
  Prepare	
  poster	
  board	
  with	
  enlarged	
  picture	
  of	
  man	
  in	
  a	
  boat	
  with	
  no	
  oars	
  (use	
  during	
  intro);	
  On	
  the	
  other	
  side	
  of	
  the	
  poster,	
  list	
  in	
  
                         large	
  print	
  the	
  strategies	
  associated	
  with	
  the	
  acronym;	
  set	
  up	
  two	
  chairs	
  at	
  the	
  front	
  of	
  the	
  classroom	
  facing	
  each	
  other	
  (for	
  counseling	
  
                         illustration);	
  Prepare	
  list	
  of	
  scenarios	
  to	
  use	
  for	
  section	
  about	
  affirmations;	
  Prepare	
  several	
  envelopes	
  with	
  multiple	
  reflection	
  statements	
  on	
  
                         strips	
  of	
  paper	
  inside;	
  Prepare	
  handout	
  with	
  the	
  acronym	
  “OARS”	
  and	
  tips	
  for	
  implementing	
  each	
  technique	
  (distribute	
  at	
  the	
  end	
  of	
  class).	
  
                         Pre-­‐assessment	
  	
                                                                                              Introduction	
  	
  
                         	
                                                                                                                  	
  
                         	
  What	
  kind	
  of	
  difficulties	
  do	
  you	
  run	
  into	
  during	
  counseling	
  sessions	
  with	
    (Hold	
  up	
  picture	
  of	
  man	
  in	
  a	
  boat	
  without	
  oars)	
  
                         your	
  clients?	
                                                                                                  	
  
                         	
                                                                                                                  	
  Somebody	
  tell	
  me	
  what	
  is	
  wrong	
  with	
  this	
  picture?	
  
                         What	
  is	
  the	
  role	
  of	
  the	
  health	
  coach?	
                                                        	
  
                         	
                                                                                                                  How	
  would	
  you	
  feel	
  if	
  you	
  were	
  out	
  at	
  sea	
  in	
  a	
  boat	
  without	
  
                         What	
  is	
  the	
  role	
  of	
  the	
  client?	
                                                                 oars?	
  
                         	
                                                                                                                  	
  
                         	
                                                                                                                  What	
  is	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  an	
  oar?	
  
                         Time	
  (if	
  in	
  class):	
  1-­‐2	
  min.	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     A	
  lot	
  of	
  times	
  as	
  nutrition	
  counselors,	
  we	
  will	
  be	
  working	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     with	
  patients	
  who	
  feel	
  like	
  they	
  are	
  out	
  at	
  sea	
  in	
  a	
  boat	
  with	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     no	
  oars	
  or	
  propeller.	
  Our	
  job	
  is	
  to	
  act	
  as	
  “oars”	
  or	
  in	
  other	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     words,	
  instruments	
  meant	
  to	
  move	
  one	
  forward	
  or	
  provide	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     direction	
  to	
  help	
  them	
  to	
  get	
  to	
  where	
  they	
  want	
  to	
  go.	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     Today	
  we	
  will	
  be	
  talking	
  about	
  how	
  to	
  propel	
  your	
  clients	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     towards	
  their	
  goals	
  through	
  a	
  technique	
  called,	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     “Motivational	
  Interviewing.”	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     Motivational	
  interviewing	
  is	
  a	
  collaborative,	
  person-­‐centered	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     method	
  of	
  counseling	
  used	
  to	
  strengthen	
  a	
  person’s	
  own	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     motivation	
  for	
  and	
  commitment	
  to	
  change.	
  It	
  is	
  moving	
  away	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     from	
  the	
  notion	
  that	
  counselors	
  are	
  supposed	
  to	
  tell	
  their	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     clients	
  what	
  to	
  do	
  and	
  clients	
  just	
  sit	
  and	
  listen	
  and	
  moving	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     towards	
  a	
  collaborative,	
  motivating	
  conversation	
  meant	
  to	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     help	
  clients	
  arrive	
  at	
  the	
  right	
  conclusions	
  on	
  their	
  own	
  and	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     helping	
  them	
  gain	
  motivation	
  to	
  accomplish	
  their	
  goals.	
  	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     Today	
  we	
  will	
  focus	
  on	
  4	
  skills	
  and	
  strategies	
  of	
  motivational	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     interviewing	
  best	
  remembered	
  by	
  the	
  acronym,	
  OARS.	
  	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     Time:	
  2-­‐4	
  min.	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     	
  
                                                                                                                                                                     	
  
                             Supporting	
  Objectives	
  	
  	
                     Content	
  Outline	
  	
  	
  	
                                                 Time	
            Learning	
  Experiences	
  
                             Students	
  will	
  be	
  able	
  to	
  list	
         Open-­‐ended	
  questions,	
  Affirmations,	
                                    30	
              Flip	
  poster	
  board	
  over	
  to	
  reveal	
  side	
  with	
  the	
  
                             the	
  skills	
  and	
  strategies	
                   Reflective	
  listening,	
  Summaries.	
                                         sec.	
            “OARS”	
  strategies	
  and	
  list	
  them	
  to	
  the	
  class.	
  
                             associated	
  with	
  the	
  acronym	
                 	
                                                                               	
                	
  
                             OARS.	
                                                	
                                                                               	
                	
  
                            Students	
  will	
  be	
  able	
  to	
              Open-­‐ended	
  questions	
  are	
  questions	
                               4	
  min.	
     To	
  illustrate	
  the	
  importance	
  of	
  using	
  open-­‐ended	
  
                            explain	
  and	
  apply	
  the	
  first	
           that	
  allow	
  for	
  richer,	
  deeper	
                                   	
              questions	
  during	
  nutrition	
  counseling,	
  have	
  training	
  
                            strategy	
  of	
  using	
  open-­‐                  conversation.	
  They	
  encourage	
  clients	
  to	
                         	
              dietitians	
  turn	
  to	
  a	
  partner	
  and	
  see	
  how	
  much	
  they	
  
                            ended	
  questions.	
                               do	
  most	
  of	
  the	
  talking	
  and	
  promote	
                        	
              can	
  find	
  out	
  about	
  them	
  by	
  asking	
  only	
  yes	
  or	
  no	
  
                            	
                                                  further	
  dialogue.	
                                                        	
              questions.	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            1-­‐2	
         Invite	
  class	
  to	
  share	
  insights	
  from	
  only	
  using	
  yes	
  or	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            min.	
          no	
  questions	
  to	
  find	
  out	
  more	
  about	
  their	
  partner.	
  
                            	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            3-­‐4	
         Instructor	
  will	
  then	
  demonstrate	
  how	
  using	
  open-­‐
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            min.	
          ended	
  questions	
  can	
  provide	
  more	
  insight	
  into	
  the	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              client’s	
  situation	
  by	
  inviting	
  a	
  volunteer	
  to	
  be	
  a	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              pretend	
  client	
  and	
  demonstrating	
  an	
  effective	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              counseling	
  session	
  using	
  open-­‐ended	
  questions.	
  	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            1	
  min.	
     Respond	
  to	
  any	
  questions	
  about	
  using	
  open-­‐ended	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              questions.	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              	
  
                            	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              	
  
                            Students	
  will	
  be	
  able	
  to	
              In	
  response	
  to	
  what	
  clients	
  have	
  said,	
                    6-­‐8	
         Pull	
  out	
  previously	
  prepared	
  list	
  of	
  scenarios	
  to	
  read	
  
                            explain	
  and	
  apply	
  the	
  second	
          affirmations	
  are	
  statements	
  that	
  are	
                            min.	
  	
      to	
  the	
  class	
  and	
  allow	
  them	
  the	
  opportunity	
  to	
  
                            strategy	
  of	
  using	
                           used	
  to	
  recognize	
  the	
  success,	
  progress,	
                     	
              come	
  up	
  with	
  affirmative	
  responses	
  that	
  would	
  be	
  
                            affirmations.	
                                     and	
  effort	
  of	
  the	
  client.	
  These	
  responses	
                 	
              appropriate	
  for	
  each	
  situation.	
  
                            	
                                                  help	
  to	
  increase	
  client	
  confidence	
  in	
                        	
              	
  
                            	
                                                  their	
  ability	
  to	
  change.	
  Affirmations	
                           	
              	
  
                            	
                                                  should	
  always	
  be	
  genuine.	
  	
                                      	
              	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            1	
  min.	
     Respond	
  to	
  any	
  questions	
  about	
  using	
  affirmations.	
  
                            	
  
                            Students	
  will	
  be	
  able	
  to	
              With	
  reflective	
  listening,	
  counselors	
                              6-­‐8	
         Have	
  students	
  get	
  into	
  groups	
  of	
  two	
  and	
  hand	
  out	
  
                            explain	
  and	
  apply	
  the	
  third	
           paraphrase	
  the	
  clients’	
  comments	
  back	
                           min.	
          an	
  envelope	
  of	
  reflection	
  statements	
  to	
  each	
  group.	
  
                            strategy	
  of	
  reflective	
                      to	
  them.	
  This	
  technique	
  helps	
  to	
                             	
              Instruct	
  one	
  student	
  to	
  be	
  the	
  counselor	
  and	
  the	
  
                            listening.	
                                        validate	
  what	
  clients	
  have	
  said	
  and	
                          	
              other	
  to	
  be	
  the	
  client.	
  Clients	
  will	
  come	
  up	
  with	
  a	
  
                            	
                                                  conveys	
  that	
  the	
  counselor	
  has	
                                  	
              barrier	
  to	
  their	
  goals	
  and	
  explain	
  it	
  to	
  the	
  counselor.	
  
                            	
                                                  understood	
  correctly.	
  It	
  also	
  encourages	
                        	
              Counselor	
  will	
  pull	
  a	
  reflection	
  statement	
  from	
  the	
  
                            	
                                                  change	
  talk	
  and	
  helps	
  them	
  to	
  think	
                       	
              envelope	
  each	
  time	
  he/she	
  goes	
  to	
  respond	
  and	
  
                            	
                                                  through	
  their	
  thoughts	
  and	
  goals.	
                               	
              must	
  use	
  that	
  reflection	
  statement	
  in	
  response	
  to	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              practice	
  implementing	
  the	
  strategy	
  of	
  reflective	
  
                            	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              listening.	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            1	
  min.	
     Respond	
  to	
  any	
  questions	
  about	
  reflective	
  listening.	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              	
  
                            	
                                                  	
                                                                            	
              	
  
                            Students	
  will	
  be	
  able	
  to	
              Summaries	
  are	
  useful	
  as	
  a	
  way	
  to	
                          4-­‐6	
         Illustrate	
  this	
  principle	
  by	
  summarizing	
  to	
  the	
  health	
  
                            explain	
  and	
  apply	
  the	
  fourth	
          transition	
  from	
  one	
  topic	
  to	
  the	
  next	
                     min.	
          coaches	
  the	
  principles	
  that	
  they	
  have	
  learned	
  
                            strategy	
  of	
  using	
  summaries.	
             and	
  can	
  be	
  an	
  effective	
  way	
  to	
  end	
  a	
                	
              during	
  class	
  and	
  reminding	
  them	
  to	
  use	
  these	
  
                                                                                session	
  as	
  well.	
  By	
  summarizing	
                                 	
              principles	
  in	
  sessions	
  with	
  their	
  clients.	
  	
  
                                                                                information,	
  you	
  remind	
  clients	
  of	
                              	
              	
  
                                                                                things	
  they	
  have	
  said	
  during	
  the	
  session	
                  	
              	
  
                                                                                and	
  goals	
  that	
  they	
  have	
  set.	
                                	
              	
  
                                                                                                                                                              1	
  min.	
     Respond	
  to	
  any	
  questions	
  about	
  summaries.	
  
                                                                                                                                                                              	
  
                            Assessment	
  Ask	
  for	
  student	
  questions	
  on	
  any	
  principles	
  and	
  allow	
  them	
  to	
  ask	
  for	
  more	
  examples	
  if	
  necessary.	
  Evaluate	
  student	
  understanding	
  
                            and	
  implementation	
  of	
  the	
  OARS	
  strategies	
  by	
  shadowing	
  each	
  health	
  coach	
  in	
  an	
  appointment	
  with	
  a	
  client.	
  Provide	
  feedback	
  on	
  what	
  went	
  
                            well	
  and	
  what	
  could	
  be	
  improved.	
  
                            	
  
                            Closure	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  Have	
  health	
  coaches	
  recall	
  from	
  memory	
  what	
  each	
  letter	
  of	
  the	
  acronym	
  OARS	
  stands	
  for.