Unique focus of Neuman systems model 
    according to Betty Neuman, (2001)
  
  
 "The Neuman system model reflects nursing's interest in well and ill 
 people as holistic systems and in environmental influences on health.  
 Clients' and nurses' perceptions of stressors and resources are 
 emphasized, and clients act in partnership with nurses to set goals and 
 identify relevant prevention interventions. The individual, family or 
 other group, community or social issues, all are client systems which 
 are viewed as composites of interacting physiological, psychological, 
 sociocultural, developmental and spiritual variables" (p. 322).  
        What shaped Betty Neuman
      Born in 1924 on a farm in rural Ohio - this background helped her 
          develop compassion for those in need. 
                 •    Education
                  1947- RN from diploma 
                 • program in OH  
                  1957-BSN, UCLA mental 
                 • health & public health
                 • 1966-MSN, UCLA
                 • 1967-1973, UCLA faculty.
                  Developed first community 
                      mental health program for 
                      graduate students at UCLA. 
                 • 1985- PhD Western Pacific 
                  University-clinical 
                  psychology. 
  History of the Neuman's Systems Model
  •  Developed in 1970 as a teaching
        tool to integrate four variables of 
        man.
  •  1974 - published and classified as a    
        systems model called "The Betty
        Neuman Health-Care Systems
        Model: A Total Approach to Patient
        Problems"
  •
     Published first book detailing NSM in 1982.  Notable change: 
  • "patient" now referred to as "client"
                                nd
     The Neuman Systems Model, 2  ed.,1989. Spiritual variable added 
  • to diagram as fifth variable.   
     3rd, 4th & 5th editions of The Neuman Systems Model published in 
    1995, 2002 & 2010 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  Who and what influenced the NSM?
  • The writings of philospher de Chardin on the wholeness 
  • of life.
    Marxist Cornu's views on the oneness of man and 
  • nature. 
    Gestalts theories on the interaction between man and the 
  • environment.
    Von Bertalannfy's, Emery's and Lazarus' views on 
  • systems.
     Selye's concept of stress and Caplan's levels of 
    prevention.  
   
  Fawcett, J. (2001). The nurse theorists: 21st-century updates-Betty Neuman. 
      Nursing Science Quarterly, 14(3), 211-214.   
         More on the origins of NSM 
                (Neuman, 1995)
                       
    "The development of the wholistic systemic perspective of the 
  Neuman systems model was motivated by my own basic philosphy of 
    helping each other live, many diverse observations and clinical 
   experiences in teaching and encouraging positive aspects of human 
   variables in a wide variety of community settings, and theoretical 
     perspectives and stress related to the interactive, interrelated, 
     interdependent, and wholistic nature of systems theory.  The 
  significance of perception and behavioral consequences [also] cannot 
             be overestimated" (p. 675-676)
                       
                       
  Neuman, B. (1995). The Neuman systems model (3rd ed.). Norwalk, CT:
      Appleton and Lange.