INTRODUCTION TO 
HVPS
   • Recognised by various different names – HVPG, HVS, DC
   • MONOPHASIC, TWIN PEAK WAVEFORM
   • Fixed duration in microsecond range (upto 200µs)
   • Voltage should be greater than 100V.  
     
                      HISTORY
   • Originally developed in 1945 by Haslip in the USA and 
   called 'Dyna-wave neuromuscular stimulation.
   • Used for 
      -acute sprains and strains.
      -Lower back pain.
      -Phantom limb pain
   • The first published paper on use of this current was by 
   Young in 1966, on edema reduction.
  • Commercially available in the mid‐1970s.
  • Some authors include it in the Microcurrent group.
  • Primarily used for wound healing.
  • Research by Watson and Kloth in 1988.
  • In addition to wound healing, HVPS shows germicidal and 
  antibacterial effects .   
  • Infected wound  - active electrode should have negative 
  polarity.
    
  Unique Features of HVPS
   • HVPS delivers Monophasic current so the polarity of each 
   electrodes is known.
   • It is versatile form of electrical stimulation.
   • It is wide variety of uses {Muscle reduction, nerve 
   stimulation, edema reduction, pain control}