Slideshow Project
                                                       DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2011.11.0220JSP
   • Aim
       –Investigate alterations in body composition variables 
         and spasticity following subtetanic neuromuscular 
         electrical stimulation (NMES) training in adults with 
         spinal cord injury (SCI).
   • Relevance
       –Skeletal muscle atrophy and development of 
         spasticity are two common sequelae of SCI.
  This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Carty A, McCormack K, Coughlan GF, Crowe L, Caulfield B. Alterations in 
  body composition and spasticity following subtetanic neuromuscular electrical stimulation training in spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 
  2013;50(2):193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2011.11.0220
                             Method                            Slideshow Project
                                                       DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2011.11.0220JSP
    • 4 adhesive electrodes were placed bilaterally 
       on proximal and distal quadriceps and 
       hamstrings of 14 sedentary adults with SCI.
    • Subtetanic contractions were elicited using 
       handheld neuromuscular electrical stimulation 
       (NMES) device. 
    • Lean body mass (LBM)/other body 
       composition variables and spasticity measured 
       before and after 8-week NMES training.
  This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Carty A, McCormack K, Coughlan GF, Crowe L, Caulfield B. Alterations in 
  body composition and spasticity following subtetanic neuromuscular electrical stimulation training in spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 
  2013;50(2):193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2011.11.0220
                              Results                          Slideshow Project
                                                       DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2011.11.0220JSP
    • Statistically significant increase in lower-limb 
       LMB was observed. 
    • Subjective responses were positive.
  This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Carty A, McCormack K, Coughlan GF, Crowe L, Caulfield B. Alterations in 
  body composition and spasticity following subtetanic neuromuscular electrical stimulation training in spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 
  2013;50(2):193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2011.11.0220
                           Conclusion                          Slideshow Project
                                                       DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2011.11.0220JSP
     • Improvements in body composition and Spinal 
        Cord Assessment Tool for Spastic Reflexes 
        scores indicate that subtetanic NMES training:
        –Elicits favorable responses. 
        –May have important clinical implications for SCI 
           population.
  This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Carty A, McCormack K, Coughlan GF, Crowe L, Caulfield B. Alterations in 
  body composition and spasticity following subtetanic neuromuscular electrical stimulation training in spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 
  2013;50(2):193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2011.11.0220