Aldehydes and Ketones
    •
     Structure
    •
     Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
    •
     Properties
    •
     Chemical reactions of Aldehydes and 
    Ketones
    •
     Keto – enol Tautomerism
             COMMISSIONERATE OF COLLEGIATE EDUCATION
                 Government of Andhra Pradesh
              Kinds of Carbonyl Compounds
    • X = H then aldehyde
    • X = R then ketone
    • X = OH then carboxylic acids
    • X = Cl then acid chloride
    • X = OR then ester (cyclic esters = lactones)
    • X = OCOR then acid anhydride
    • X = N then amide (cyclic amides = lactams)
              COMMISSIONERATE OF COLLEGIATE EDUCATION
                  Government of Andhra Pradesh
        Nomenclature of Aldehydes
           COMMISSIONERATE OF COLLEGIATE EDUCATION
              Government of Andhra Pradesh
         Nomenclature of Ketones
   The carbonyl is assumed to be at the 1-position in cyclic ketones:
           COMMISSIONERATE OF COLLEGIATE EDUCATION
              Government of Andhra Pradesh
          Industrial Importance of Carbonyl 
                      Compounds
     • Acetone and methyl ethyl ketone are 
       important solvents.
     • Formaldehyde used in polymers like 
       Bakelite.
     • Flavorings and additives like vanilla, 
       cinnamon, artificial butter.
              COMMISSIONERATE OF COLLEGIATE EDUCATION
                   Government of Andhra Pradesh